05e2480d-9c97-4ef1-add5-275be67074a8 Copernicus Marine Service product specification CMEMS servicedesk.cmems@mercator-ocean.eu http://marine.copernicus.eu/ 2025-09-16T14:42:36.833031Z ISO 19139, MyOcean profile 0.2 2 0.25 0.25 false WGS 84 (EPSG:4326) EPSG [ARCHIVE] Global Ocean Thermosteric Sea Level trend map from Reanalysis & Multi-Observations Reprocessing GLOBAL_OMI_SL_thsl_trend 2020-06-17 3.4 2023-03-30 a0b71e7b-4a71-43a6-a5c1-8b5bb52ae7fe '''This product has been archived''' '''DEFINITION''' The temporal evolution of thermosteric sea level in an ocean layer is obtained from an integration of temperature driven ocean density variations, which are subtracted from a reference climatology to obtain the fluctuations from an average field. The regional thermosteric sea level values are then averaged from 60°S-60°N aiming to monitor interannual to long term global sea level variations caused by temperature driven ocean volume changes through thermal expansion as expressed in meters (m). '''CONTEXT''' Most of the interannual variability and trends in regional sea level is caused by changes in steric sea level. At mid and low latitudes, the steric sea level signal is essentially due to temperature changes, i.e. the thermosteric effect (Stammer et al., 2013, Meyssignac et al., 2016). Salinity changes play only a local role. Regional trends of thermosteric sea level can be significantly larger compared to their globally averaged versions (Storto et al., 2018). Except for shallow shelf sea and high latitudes (> 60° latitude), regional thermosteric sea level variations are mostly related to ocean circulation changes, in particular in the tropics where the sea level variations and trends are the most intense over the last two decades. '''CMEMS KEY FINDINGS''' Significant (i.e. when the signal exceeds the noise) regional trends for the period 2005-2019 from the Copernicus Marine Service multi-ensemble approach show a thermosteric sea level rise at rates ranging from the global mean average up to more than 8 mm/year. There are specific regions where a negative trend is observed above noise at rates up to about -8 mm/year such as in the subpolar North Atlantic, or the western tropical Pacific. These areas are characterized by strong year-to-year variability (Dubois et al., 2018; Capotondi et al., 2020). Note: The key findings will be updated annually in November, in line with OMI evolutions. '''DOI (product):''' https://doi.org/10.48670/moi-00241 E.U. Copernicus Marine Service Information GLO-MERCATOR-TOULOUSE-FR P0M0D0H/P0M0D0H N/A https://documentation.marine.copernicus.eu/IMG/GLOBAL_OMI_SL_thsl_trend.png Oceanographic geographical features GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0 2009-09-22 in-situ-observation numerical-model satellite-observation Discipline 2023-03-16 geonetwork.thesaurus.local.discipline.myocean.discipline Climate and Forecast Standard Names 2017-04-04 geonetwork.thesaurus.external.parameter.myocean.ocean-variables multi-year Temporal scale 2024-07-26 geonetwork.thesaurus.local.temporal-scale.myocean.temporal-scale marine-safety weather-climate-and-seasonal-forecasting coastal-marine-environment marine-resources Area of benefit 2025-07-29 geonetwork.thesaurus.local.area-of-benefit.myocean.area-of-benefit global-ocean Reference Geographical Areas 2024-07-26 geonetwork.thesaurus.local.reference-geographical-area.myocean.reference-geographical-area N/A Processing level 2024-07-26 geonetwork.thesaurus.local.processing-level.myocean.processing-level Not Applicable Model assimilation 2016-02-03 geonetwork.thesaurus.external.theme.myocean.model-assimilation Kuala Lumpur Ocean Hackathon - Ville geonetwork.thesaurus.local.place.oh_ville See Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service Data commitments and licence at: http://marine.copernicus.eu/web/27-service-commitments-and-licence.php No limitations on public access Capotondi, A., Wittenberg, A.T., Kug, J.-S., Takahashi, K. and McPhaden, M.J. (2020). ENSO Diversity. In El Niño Southern Oscillation in a Changing Climate (eds M.J. McPhaden, A. Santoso and W. Cai). https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119548164.ch4 2019-05-08 Dubois et al., 2018 : Changes in the North Atlantic. Copernicus Marine Service Ocean State Report, Issue 2, Journal of Operational Oceanography, 11:sup1, s1–s142, DOI: 10.1080/1755876X.2018.1489208 2019-05-08 Storto et al., 2018: Thermosteric Sea Level. In: Copernicus Marine Service Ocean State Report, Issue 2, Journal of Operational Oceanography, 11:sup1, s13–s16, DOI: 10.1080/1755876X.2018.1489208 2019-05-08 Stammer D, Cazenave A, Ponte RM, Tamisiea ME (2013) Causes for contemporary regional sea level changes. Ann Rev Mar Sci 5:21–46. doi:10.1146/annurev-marine-121211-172406 2019-05-08 797be33e-59ae-4fd8-a12c-30d362b53e12 Meyssignac, B., C. G. Piecuch, C. J. Merchant, M.-F. Racault, H. Palanisamy, C. MacIntosh, S. Sathyendranath, R. Brewin, 2016: Causes of the Regional Variability in Observed Sea Level, Sea Surface Temperature and Ocean Colour Over the Period 1993–2011 2019-05-08 42c62c40-61f9-463c-b1ad-1b1aa28e7fed 7fc9b2e6-3650-42fc-b8f1-31b34a39e1c0 eng oceans bounding box -180.00 180.00 -60.00 60.00 yearly-mean 2005-01-01 2019-12-31 0 0.0 display priority: 50500 observation temporal resolution: annual mean vertical level number: 1 false Grid NetCDF-4 COMMISSION REGULATION (EU) No 1089/2010 of 23 November 2010 implementing Directive 2007/2/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards interoperability of spatial data sets and services 2010-12-08 See the referenced specification The myOcean products depends on other products for production or validation. The detailed list of dependencies is given in ISO19115's aggregationInfo (ISO19139 Xpath = "gmd:MD_Metadata/gmd:identificationInfo/gmd:aggregationInfo[./gmd:MD_AggregateInformation/gmd:initiativeType/gmd:DS_InitiativeTypeCode/@codeListValue='upstream-validation' or 'upstream-production']")