3adfd383-abea-46ff-b691-d540830d3b97 Copernicus Marine Service product specification CMEMS servicedesk.cmems@mercator-ocean.eu http://marine.copernicus.eu/ 2025-12-02T14:56:05.135356Z ISO 19139, MyOcean profile 0.2 2 false WGS 84 (EPSG:4326) EPSG Mediterranean Ocean Salt Content (0-300m) OMI_CLIMATE_OSC_MEDSEA_volume_mean 2023-11-30 3.4 2023-11-30 ef932fc0-04e7-4a25-b7b2-08a2d85d4039 '''DEFINITION''' Ocean salt content (OSC) is defined and represented here as the volume average of the integral of salinity in the Mediterranean Sea from z1 = 0 m to z2 = 300 m depth: ¯S=1/V ∫V S dV Time series of annual mean values area averaged ocean salt content are provided for the Mediterranean Sea (30°N, 46°N; 6°W, 36°E) and are evaluated in the upper 300m excluding the shelf areas close to the coast with a depth less than 300 m. The total estimated volume is approximately 5.7e+5 km3. '''CONTEXT''' The freshwater input from the land (river runoff) and atmosphere (precipitation) and inflow from the Black Sea and the Atlantic Ocean are balanced by the evaporation in the Mediterranean Sea. Evolution of the salt content may have an impact in the ocean circulation and dynamics which possibly will have implication on the entire Earth climate system. Thus monitoring changes in the salinity content is essential considering its link to changes in: the hydrological cycle, the water masses formation, the regional halosteric sea level and salt/freshwater transport, as well as for their impact on marine biodiversity. The OMI_CLIMATE_OSC_MEDSEA_volume_mean is based on the “multi-product” approach introduced in the seventh issue of the Ocean State Report (contribution by Aydogdu et al., 2023). Note that the estimates in Aydogdu et al. (2023) are provided monthly while here we evaluate the results per year. Six global products and a regional (Mediterranean Sea) product have been used to build an ensemble mean, and its associated ensemble spread. The reference products are: • The Mediterranean Sea Reanalysis at 1/24°horizontal resolution (MEDSEA_MULTIYEAR_PHY_006_004, DOI: https://doi.org/10.25423/CMCC/MEDSEA_MULTIYEAR_PHY_006_004_E3R1, Escudier et al., 2020) • Four global reanalyses at 1/4°horizontal resolution (GLOBAL_REANALYSIS_PHY_001_031, GLORYS, C-GLORS, ORAS5, FOAM, DOI: https://doi.org/10.48670/moi-00024, Desportes et al., 2022) • Two observation-based products: CORA (INSITU_GLO_TS_REP_OBSERVATIONS_013_001_b, DOI: https://doi.org/10.17882/46219, Szekely et al., 2022) and ARMOR3D (MULTIOBS_GLO_PHY_TSUV_3D_MYNRT_015_012, DOI: https://doi.org/10.48670/moi-00052, Grenier et al., 2021). Details on the products are delivered in the PUM and QUID of this OMI. '''CMEMS KEY FINDINGS''' The Mediterranean Sea salt content shows a positive trend in the upper 300 m with a continuous increase over the period 1993-2021 at rate of 7.0*10-3 ±3.1*10-4 psu yr-1. The overall ensemble mean of different products is 38.57 psu. During the early 1990s in the entire Mediterranean Sea there is a large spread in salinity with the observational based datasets showing a higher salinity, while the reanalysis products present relatively lower salinity. The maximum spread between the period 1993–2021 occurs in the 1990s with a value of 0.12 psu, and it decreases to as low as 0.02 psu by the end of the 2010s. '''DOI (product):''' https://doi.org/10.48670/mds-00325 E.U. Copernicus Marine Service Information MED-CMCC-LECCE-IT P0M0D0H/P0M0D0H N/A https://documentation.marine.copernicus.eu/IMG/OMI_CLIMATE_OSC_MEDSEA_volume_mean.png Oceanographic geographical features GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0 2009-09-22 numerical-model Discipline 2024-07-26 geonetwork.thesaurus.local.discipline.myocean.discipline water_mass_formation_rate integral_wrt_depth_of_sea_water_salinity_expressed_as_salt_content Climate and Forecast Standard Names 2017-04-04 geonetwork.thesaurus.external.parameter.myocean.ocean-variables multi-year Temporal scale 2024-07-26 geonetwork.thesaurus.local.temporal-scale.myocean.temporal-scale marine-safety coastal-marine-environment weather-climate-and-seasonal-forecasting marine-resources Area of benefit 2025-07-29 geonetwork.thesaurus.local.area-of-benefit.myocean.area-of-benefit mediterranean-sea Reference Geographical Areas 2024-07-26 geonetwork.thesaurus.local.reference-geographical-area.myocean.reference-geographical-area N/A Processing level 2024-07-26 geonetwork.thesaurus.local.processing-level.myocean.processing-level In-Situ TS Profiles Sea Level Model assimilation 2016-02-03 geonetwork.thesaurus.external.theme.myocean.model-assimilation See Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service Data commitments and licence at: http://marine.copernicus.eu/web/27-service-commitments-and-licence.php No limitations on public access Aydogdu, A., Miraglio, P., Escudier, R., Clementi, E., Masina, S.: The dynamical role of upper layer salinity in the Mediterranean Sea, State of the Planet, accepted, 2023. 2019-05-08 Desportes, C., Garric, G., Régnier, C., Drévillon, M., Parent, L., Drillet, Y., Masina, S., Storto, A., Mirouze, I., Cipollone, A., Zuo, H., Balmaseda, M., Peterson, D., Wood, R., Jackson, L., Mulet, S., Grenier, E., and Gounou, A.: EU Copernicus Marine Service Quality Information Document for the Global Ocean Ensemble Physics Reanalysis, GLOBAL_REANALYSIS_PHY_001_031, Issue 1.1, Mercator Ocean International, https://documentation.marine.copernicus.eu/QUID/CMEMS-GLO-QUID-001-031.pdf (last access: 3 May 2023), 2022. 2019-05-08 Escudier, R., Clementi, E., Omar, M., Cipollone, A., Pistoia, J., Aydogdu, A., Drudi, M., Grandi, A., Lyubartsev, V., Lecci, R., Cretí, S., Masina, S., Coppini, G., & Pinardi, N. (2020). 2019-05-08 Mediterranean Sea Physical Reanalysis (CMEMS MED-Currents) (Version 1) [Data set]. Copernicus Monitoring Environment Marine Service (CMEMS). https://doi.org/10.25423/CMCC/MEDSEA_MULTIYEAR_PHY_006_004_E3R1 2019-05-08 Grenier, E., Verbrugge, N., Mulet, S., and Guinehut, S.: EU Copernicus Marine Service Quality Information Document for the Multi Observation Global Ocean 3D Temperature Salinity Height Geostrophic Current and MLD, MULTIOBS_GLO_PHY_TSUV_3D_MYNRT_015_012, Issue 1.1, Mercator Ocean International, https://documentation.marine.copernicus.eu/QUID/CMEMS-MOB-QUID-015-012.pdf (last access: 3 May 2023), 2021. 2019-05-08 Szekely, T.: EU Copernicus Marine Service Quality Information Document for the Global Ocean-Delayed Mode gridded CORA – In-situ Observations objective analysis in Delayed Mode, INSITU_GLO_PHY_TS_OA_MY_013_052, issue 1.2, Mercator Ocean International, https://documentation.marine.copernicus.eu/QUID/CMEMS-INS-QUID-013-052.pdf (last access: 4 April 2023), 2022. 2019-05-08 0aa915b7-f569-494e-b0bb-f0d2132f23ab 0eb51a64-d8f9-4265-9929-4ea0240860ae f45f4ff1-39c6-490e-a523-2bcadf187e30 eng oceans bounding box -6.00 36.00 30.00 46.00 0 1993-01-01 2019-12-31 0 0.0 display priority: 99999 observation vertical level number: 1 temporal resolution: annual mean false timeseries NetCDF classic https://stac.marine.copernicus.eu/metadata/OMI_CLIMATE_OSC_MEDSEA_volume_mean/omi_climate_osc_medsea_volume_mean_202311/dataset.stac.json WWW:STAC omi_climate_osc_medsea_volume_mean For accessing native data and Analysis-ready Cloud-optimized data services, consult this STAC metadata endpoint https://wmts.marine.copernicus.eu/teroWmts/OMI_CLIMATE_OSC_MEDSEA_volume_mean/omi_climate_osc_medsea_volume_mean_202311?service=WTMS&request=GetCapabilities OGC:WMTS omi_climate_osc_medsea_volume_mean COMMISSION REGULATION (EU) No 1089/2010 of 23 November 2010 implementing Directive 2007/2/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards interoperability of spatial data sets and services 2010-12-08 See the referenced specification The myOcean products depends on other products for production or validation. The detailed list of dependencies is given in ISO19115's aggregationInfo (ISO19139 Xpath = "gmd:MD_Metadata/gmd:identificationInfo/gmd:aggregationInfo[./gmd:MD_AggregateInformation/gmd:initiativeType/gmd:DS_InitiativeTypeCode/@codeListValue='upstream-validation' or 'upstream-production']")