fcf2d63a-3178-49e0-b27c-ff7599b73a36 Copernicus Marine Service product specification CMEMS servicedesk.cmems@mercator-ocean.eu http://marine.copernicus.eu/ 2025-04-14T07:22:19.895637Z ISO 19139, MyOcean profile 0.2 2 false EPSG Northward Heat Transport for Global Ocean, Atlantic and Indian+Pacific basins from Reanalysis GLOBAL_OMI_WMHE_northward_mht 2018-02-12 3.4 2023-03-30 5471cd33-ccab-4438-88d4-a92f1dbff257 '''DEFINITION''' Meridional Heat Transport is computed by integrating the heat fluxes along the zonal direction and from top to bottom of the ocean. They are given over 3 basins (Global Ocean, Atlantic Ocean and Indian+Pacific Ocean) and for all the grid points in the meridional grid of each basin. The mean value over a reference period (1993-2014) and over the last full year are provided for the ensemble product and the individual reanalysis, as well as the standard deviation for the ensemble product over the reference period (1993-2014). The values are given in PetaWatt (PW). '''CONTEXT''' The ocean transports heat and mass by vertical overturning and horizontal circulation, and is one of the fundamental dynamic components of the Earth’s energy budget (IPCC, 2013). There are spatial asymmetries in the energy budget resulting from the Earth’s orientation to the sun and the meridional variation in absorbed radiation which support a transfer of energy from the tropics towards the poles. However, there are spatial variations in the loss of heat by the ocean through sensible and latent heat fluxes, as well as differences in ocean basin geometry and current systems. These complexities support a pattern of oceanic heat transport that is not strictly from lower to high latitudes. Moreover, it is not stationary and we are only beginning to unravel its variability. '''CMEMS KEY FINDINGS''' After an anusual 2016 year (Bricaud 2016), with a higher global meridional heat transport in the tropical band explained by, the increase of northward heat transport at 5-10 ° N in the Pacific Ocean during the El Niño event, 2017 northward heat transport is lower than the 1993-2014 reference value in the tropical band, for both Atlantic and Indian + Pacific Oceans. At the higher latitudes, 2017 northward heat transport is closed to 1993-2014 values. Note: The key findings will be updated annually in November, in line with OMI evolutions. '''DOI (product):''' https://doi.org/10.48670/moi-00246 E.U. Copernicus Marine Service Information GLO-MERCATOR-TOULOUSE-FR P0M0D0H/P0M0D0H N/A https://documentation.marine.copernicus.eu/IMG/GLOBAL_OMI_WMHE_northward_mht.png Oceanographic geographical features GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0 2009-09-22 numerical-model Discipline 2023-03-16 geonetwork.thesaurus.local.discipline.myocean.discipline ocean_volume_transport_across_line Climate and Forecast Standard Names 2017-04-04 geonetwork.thesaurus.external.parameter.myocean.ocean-variables multi-year Temporal scale 2024-07-26 geonetwork.thesaurus.local.temporal-scale.myocean.temporal-scale marine-resources marine-safety coastal-marine-environment weather-climate-and-seasonal-forecasting Area of benefit 2024-07-26 geonetwork.thesaurus.local.area-of-benefit.myocean.area-of-benefit global-ocean Reference Geographical Areas 2024-07-26 geonetwork.thesaurus.local.reference-geographical-area.myocean.reference-geographical-area N/A Processing level 2024-07-26 geonetwork.thesaurus.local.processing-level.myocean.processing-level Not Applicable Model assimilation 2016-02-03 geonetwork.thesaurus.external.theme.myocean.model-assimilation See Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service Data commitments and licence at: http://marine.copernicus.eu/web/27-service-commitments-and-licence.php No limitations on public access 64b5bc3a-0efd-4bc6-8308-8df18f707789 9dc51091-5fc1-4a59-8886-baf5c64949e4 57e5e101-31b1-4d93-90a3-59324780d7b5 Crosnier L, Barnier B, Treguier AM, 2001. Aliasing inertial oscillations in a 1/6° Atlantic circulation model: impact on the mean meridional heat transport. Ocean Modelling, vol 3, issues 1-2, pp21-31. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1463-5003(00)00015-9 2019-05-08 Ganachaud, A. , Wunsch C. 2003. Large-Scale Ocean Heat and Freshwater Transports during the World Ocean Circulation Experiment. J. Climate, 16, 696–705, https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(2003)016<0696:LSOHAF>2.0.CO;2 2019-05-08 Lumpkin R, Speer K. 2007. Global ocean meridional overturning. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 37, 2550–2562, doi:10.1175/JPO3130.1. 2019-05-08 Madec G : NEMO ocean engine, Note du Pôle de modélisation, Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace (IPSL), France, No 27, ISSN No 1288-1619, 2008 2019-05-08 eng oceans bounding box -180.00 180.00 -90.00 90.00 pluri-annual-mean; yearly-mean 1993-01-01 2017-12-31 0 0.0 display priority: 01005 observation temporal resolution: Pluri-annual mean vertical level number: 0 temporal resolution: annual mean false Grid NetCDF-4 https://stac.marine.copernicus.eu/metadata/GLOBAL_OMI_WMHE_northward_mht/global_omi_wmhe_northward_mht_202003/dataset.stac.json WWW:STAC global_omi_wmhe_northward_mht For accessing native data and Analysis-ready Cloud-optimized data services, consult this STAC metadata endpoint COMMISSION REGULATION (EU) No 1089/2010 of 23 November 2010 implementing Directive 2007/2/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards interoperability of spatial data sets and services 2010-12-08 See the referenced specification The myOcean products depends on other products for production or validation. The detailed list of dependencies is given in ISO19115's aggregationInfo (ISO19139 Xpath = "gmd:MD_Metadata/gmd:identificationInfo/gmd:aggregationInfo[./gmd:MD_AggregateInformation/gmd:initiativeType/gmd:DS_InitiativeTypeCode/@codeListValue='upstream-validation' or 'upstream-production']")