• Catalogue PIGMA
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[ARCHIVE] Mediterranean Sea Mean Sea Level time series and trend from Observations Reprocessing

'''This product has been archived'''

              

For operationnal and online products, please visit https://marine.copernicus.eu

'''DEFINITION'''

The ocean monitoring indicator of regional mean sea level is derived from the DUACS delayed-time (DT-2021 version) altimeter gridded maps of sea level anomalies based on a stable number of altimeters (two) in the satellite constellation. These products are distributed by the Copernicus Climate Change Service and the Copernicus Marine Service (SEALEVEL_GLO_PHY_CLIMATE_L4_MY_008_057).

The mean sea level evolution estimated in the Mediterranean Sea is derived from the average of the gridded sea level maps weighted by the cosine of the latitude. The annual and semi-annual periodic signals are removed (least square fit of sinusoidal function) and the time series is low-pass filtered (175 days cut-off). The curve is corrected for the regional mean effect of the Glacial Isostatic Adjustment (GIA) using the ICE5G-VM2 GIA model (Peltier, 2004).

During 1993-1998, the Global men sea level (hereafter GMSL) has been known to be affected by a TOPEX-A instrumental drift (WCRP Global Sea Level Budget Group, 2018; Legeais et al., 2020). This drift led to overestimate the trend of the GMSL during the first 6 years of the altimetry record (about 0.04 mm/y at global scale over the whole altimeter period). A correction of the drift is proposed for the Global mean sea level (Legeais et al., 2020). Whereas this TOPEX-A instrumental drift should also affect the regional mean sea level (hereafter RMSL) trend estimation, this empirical correction is currently not applied to the altimeter sea level dataset and resulting estimated for RMSL. Indeed, the pertinence of the global correction applied at regional scale has not been demonstrated yet and there is no clear consensus achieved on the way to proceed at regional scale. Additionally, the estimate of such a correction at regional scale is not obvious, especially in areas where few accurate independent measurements (e.g. in situ)- necessary for this estimation - are available. The trend uncertainty is provided in a 90% confidence interval (Prandi et al., 2021). This estimate only considers errors related to the altimeter observation system (i.e., orbit determination errors, geophysical correction errors and inter-mission bias correction errors). The presence of the interannual signal can strongly influence the trend estimation considering to the altimeter period considered (Wang et al., 2021; Cazenave et al., 2014). The uncertainty linked to this effect is not taken into account.

'''CONTEXT'''

The indicator on area averaged sea level is a crucial index of climate change, and individual components contribute to sea level rise, including expansion due to ocean warming and melting of glaciers and ice sheets (WCRP Global Sea Level Budget Group, 2018). According to the recent IPCC 6th assessment report, global mean sea level (GMSL) increased by 0.20 (0.15 to 0.25) m over the period 1901 to 2018 with a rate 25 of rise that has accelerated since the 1960s to 3.7 (3.2 to 4.2) mm yr-1 for the period 2006–2018. Human activity was very likely the main driver of observed GMSL rise since 1970 (IPCC WGII, 2021). The weight of the different contributions evolves with time and in the recent decades the mass change has increased, contributing to the on-going acceleration of the GMSL trend (IPCC, 2022a; Legeais et al., 2020; Horwath et al., 2022). At regional scale, sea level does not change homogenously, and RMSL rise can also be influenced by various other processes, with different spatial and temporal scales, such as local ocean dynamic, atmospheric forcing, Earth gravity and vertical land motion changes (IPCC WGI, 2021). Rising sea level can strongly affect population and infrastructures in coastal areas, increase their vulnerability and risks for food security, particularly in low lying areas and island states. Adverse impacts from floods, storms and tropical cyclones with related losses and damages have increased due to sea level rise, and increase their vulnerability and increase risks for food security, particularly in low lying areas and island states (IPCC, 2022b). Adaptation and mitigation measures such as the restoration of mangroves and coastal wetlands, reduce the risks from sea level rise (IPCC, 2022c).

Beside a clear long-term trend, the regional mean sea level variation in the Mediterranean Sea shows an important interannual variability, with a high trend observed before 1999 and lower values afterward. This variability is associated with a variation of the different forcing. Steric effect has been the most important forcing before 1999 (Fenoglio-Marc, 2002; Vigo et al., 2005). Important change of the deep-water formation site also occurred in 1995. The latest is preconditioned by an important change of the sea surface circulation observed in the Ionian Sea in 1997-1998 (e.g. Gačić et al., 2011), under the influence of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and negative Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) phases (Incarbona et al., 2016). They may also impact the sea level trend in the basin (Vigo et al., 2005). In 2010-2011, high regional mean sea level has been related to enhanced water mass exchange at Gibraltar, under the influence of wind forcing during the negative phase of NAO (Landerer and Volkov, 2013).

'''CMEMS KEY FINDINGS'''

Over the [1993/01/01, 2021/08/02] period, the basin-wide RMSL in the Mediterranean Sea rises at a rate of 2.7  0.83 mm/year.

'''DOI (product):'''

https://doi.org/10.48670/moi-00264

Simple

Alternate title
MEDSEA_OMI_SL_area_averaged_anomalies
Date (Creation)
2019-11-28
Edition
3.4
Edition date
2023-03-30
Identifier
a78600a4-a280-47b5-8ddd-0dc8b5e9c9d9
Credit
E.U. Copernicus Marine Service Information
Custodian
  SL-CLS-TOULOUSE-FR - Yannice Faugère
Originator
  SL-CLS-TOULOUSE-FR - Françoise MERTZ
Point of contact
  SL-CLS-TOULOUSE-FR - SL-CLS-TOULOUSE-FR
Resource provider
  SL-CLS-TOULOUSE-FR - Jean-François Legeais
Distributor
  MOI-OMI-SERVICE - MOI-OMI-SERVICE
Maintenance and update frequency
Annually
Other
P0M0D0H/P0M0D0H
Maintenance note
N/A
Maintenance and update frequency
Quarterly
GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0
  • Oceanographic geographical features
Discipline
  • satellite-observation
Climate and Forecast Standard Names
  • sea_surface_height_above_sea_level
Temporal scale
  • multi-year
Area of benefit
  • marine-resources
  • weather-climate-and-seasonal-forecasting
  • coastal-marine-environment
  • marine-safety
Reference Geographical Areas
  • baltic-sea
Processing level
  • N/A
Model assimilation
  • Not Applicable
Use limitation
See Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service Data commitments and licence at: http://marine.copernicus.eu/web/27-service-commitments-and-licence.php
Access constraints
Other restrictions
Use constraints
License
Other constraints
No limitations on public access
Date (Creation)
2019-05-08
Association Type
Cross reference
Initiative Type
reference
Date (Creation)
2019-05-08
Association Type
Cross reference
Initiative Type
reference
Date (Creation)
2019-05-08
Association Type
Cross reference
Initiative Type
reference
Date (Creation)
2019-05-08
Association Type
Cross reference
Initiative Type
reference
Aggregate Datasetindentifier
24399cda-5e1e-4e66-ab8d-b91f33f2ff14
Association Type
Cross reference
Initiative Type
document
Aggregate Datasetindentifier
4697158e-924e-40f8-9ae8-20ff47415b6f
Association Type
Cross reference
Initiative Type
document
Aggregate Datasetindentifier
2b5d1c5a-b0b2-4936-b35e-48808fa2ab6a
Association Type
Cross reference
Initiative Type
document
Date (Creation)
2019-05-08
Association Type
Cross reference
Initiative Type
reference
Date (Creation)
2019-05-08
Association Type
Cross reference
Initiative Type
reference
Date (Creation)
2019-05-08
Association Type
Cross reference
Initiative Type
reference
Date (Creation)
2019-05-08
Association Type
Cross reference
Initiative Type
reference
Date (Creation)
2019-05-08
Association Type
Cross reference
Initiative Type
reference
Date (Creation)
2019-05-08
Association Type
Cross reference
Initiative Type
reference
Date (Creation)
2019-05-08
Association Type
Cross reference
Initiative Type
reference
Date (Creation)
2019-05-08
Association Type
Cross reference
Initiative Type
reference
Date (Creation)
2019-05-08
Association Type
Cross reference
Initiative Type
reference
Date (Creation)
2019-05-08
Association Type
Cross reference
Initiative Type
reference
Date (Creation)
2019-05-08
Association Type
Cross reference
Initiative Type
reference
Date (Creation)
2019-05-08
Association Type
Cross reference
Initiative Type
reference
Date (Creation)
2019-05-08
Association Type
Cross reference
Initiative Type
reference
Metadata language
eng
Topic category
  • Oceans
Description
bounding box
N
S
E
W
thumbnail


Begin date
1993-01-01

Vertical extent

Minimum value
0
Maximum value
0
Vertical CRS
  • urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG:5714
Supplemental Information
display priority: 53800
Codespace
EPSG
Number of dimensions
2
Dimension name
Row
Dimension name
Column
Cell geometry
Area
Transformation parameter availability
No
Distribution format
  • NetCDF-4 ( )

Distributor

Hierarchy level
Series

Conformance result

Date (Publication)
2010-12-08
Explanation
See the referenced specification
Statement
The myOcean products depends on other products for production or validation. The detailed list of dependencies is given in ISO19115's aggregationInfo (ISO19139 Xpath = "gmd:MD_Metadata/gmd:identificationInfo/gmd:aggregationInfo[./gmd:MD_AggregateInformation/gmd:initiativeType/gmd:DS_InitiativeTypeCode/@codeListValue='upstream-validation' or 'upstream-production']")
Attribute description
observation
Content type
Physical measurement
Descriptor
vertical level number: 1
Descriptor
temporal resolution: pluri-annual mean
Included with dataset
No
Feature types
Point series
File identifier
14f8f98a-19ed-46b0-bedf-83a8bf61d546 XML
Metadata language
English
Character set
UTF8
Hierarchy level
Series
Hierarchy level name
Copernicus Marine Service product specification
Date stamp
2023-11-13T12:20:05.471Z
Metadata standard name
ISO 19139, MyOcean profile
Metadata standard version
0.2
Point of contact
  CMEMS
http://marine.copernicus.eu/
 
 

Overviews

overview

Spatial extent

N
S
E
W
thumbnail


Keywords

GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0
Oceanographic geographical features
Model assimilation
Not Applicable

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