he Global ARMOR3D L4 Reprocessed dataset is obtained by combining satellite (Sea Level Anomalies, Geostrophic Surface Currents, Sea Surface Temperature) and in-situ (Temperature and Salinity profiles) observations through statistical methods. References : - ARMOR3D: Guinehut S., A.-L. Dhomps, G. Larnicol and P.-Y. Le Traon, 2012: High resolution 3D temperature and salinity fields derived from in situ and satellite observations. Ocean Sci., 8(5):845–857. - ARMOR3D: Guinehut S., P.-Y. Le Traon, G. Larnicol and S. Philipps, 2004: Combining Argo and remote-sensing data to estimate the ocean three-dimensional temperature fields - A first approach based on simulated observations. J. Mar. Sys., 46 (1-4), 85-98. - ARMOR3D: Mulet, S., M.-H. Rio, A. Mignot, S. Guinehut and R. Morrow, 2012: A new estimate of the global 3D geostrophic ocean circulation based on satellite data and in-situ measurements. Deep Sea Research Part II : Topical Studies in Oceanography, 77–80(0):70–81.

'''Short description:''' These products integrate wave observations aggregated and validated from the Regional EuroGOOS consortium (Arctic-ROOS, BOOS, NOOS, IBI-ROOS, MONGOOS) and Black Sea GOOS as well as from National Data Centers (NODCs) and JCOMM global systems (OceanSITES, DBCP) and the Global telecommunication system (GTS) used by the Met Offices. '''DOI (product) :''' https://doi.org/10.17882/70345

This dataset provide a times series of gap free map of Sea Surface Temperature (SST) foundation at high resolution on a 0.10 x 0.10 degree grid (approximately 10 x 10 km) for the Global Ocean, every 24 hours. Whereas along swath observation data essentially represent the skin or sub-skin SST, the Level 4 SST product is defined to represent the SST foundation (SSTfnd). SSTfnd is defined within GHRSST as the temperature at the base of the diurnal thermocline. It is so named because it represents the foundation temperature on which the diurnal thermocline develops during the day. SSTfnd changes only gradually along with the upper layer of the ocean, and by definition it is independent of skin SST fluctuations due to wind- and radiation-dependent diurnal stratification or skin layer response. It is therefore updated at intervals of 24 hrs. SSTfnd corresponds to the temperature of the upper mixed layer which is the part of the ocean represented by the top-most layer of grid cells in most numerical ocean models. It is never observed directly by satellites, but it comes closest to being detected by infrared and microwave radiometers during the night, when the previous day's diurnal stratification can be assumed to have decayed. The processing combines the observations of multiple polar orbiting and geostationary satellites, embedding infrared of microwave radiometers. All these sources are intercalibrated with each other before merging. A ranking procedure is used to select the best sensor observation for each grid point. An optimal interpolation is used to fill in where observations are missing. '''DOI (product) :''' https://doi.org/10.48670/mds-00321

'''This product has been archived''' For operational and online products, please visit https://marine.copernicus.eu '''Short description:''' For the '''North Atlantic''' Ocean '''Satellite Observations''', Plymouth Marine Laboratory (PML) is providing '''Bio-Geo_Chemical (BGC)''' products based on the ESA-CCI reflectance inputs. * Upstreams: SeaWiFS, MODIS, MERIS, VIIRS-SNPP, OLCI-S3A & OLCI-S3B for the '''""multi""''' products, and S3A & S3B only for the '''""olci""''' products. * Variables: Chlorophyll-a ('''CHL''') and Diffuse Attenuation ('''KD490'''). * Temporal resolutions:'''monthly'''. * Spatial resolutions: '''1 km''' (multi) or '''300 meters''' (olci). * Recent products are organized in datasets called Near Real Time ('''NRT''') and long time-series (from 1997) in datasets called Multi-Years ('''MY'''). To find these products in the catalogue, use the search keyword '''""ESA-CCI""'''. '''DOI (product) :''' https://doi.org/10.48670/moi-00285

'''This product has been archived'''                For operationnal and online products, please visit https://marine.copernicus.eu '''Description:''' This product is a NRT L4 global total velocity field at 0m and 15m. It consists of the zonal and meridional velocity at a 6h frequency and at 1/4 degree regular grid produced on a daily basis. These total velocity fields are obtained by combining CMEMS NRT satellite Geostrophic Surface Currents and modelled Ekman current at the surface and 15m depth (using ECMWF NRT wind). 6 hourly product, daily and monthly mean are available. This product has been initiated in the frame of CNES/CLS projects. Then it has been consolidated during the Globcurrent project (funded by the ESA User Element Program). '''DOI (product) :''' https://doi.org/10.48670/moi-00049

'''Short description:''' For the '''Global''' Ocean '''Satellite Observations''', Brockmann Consult (BC) is providing '''Bio-Geo_Chemical (BGC)''' products based on the ESA-CCI inputs. * Upstreams: SeaWiFS, MODIS, MERIS, VIIRS-SNPP, OLCI-S3A & OLCI-S3B for the '''""multi""''' products. * Variables: Chlorophyll-a ('''CHL'''), Phytoplankton Functional types and sizes ('''PFT''') and Reflectance ('''RRS'''). * Temporal resolutions: '''daily''', '''monthly'''. * Spatial resolutions: '''4 km''' (multi). * Recent products are organized in datasets called Near Real Time ('''NRT''') and long time-series (from 1997) in datasets called Multi-Years ('''MY'''). To find these products in the catalogue, use the search keyword '''""ESA-CCI""'''. '''DOI (product) :''' https://doi.org/10.48670/moi-00282

'''Short description:''' For the Global Ocean- In-situ observation yearly delivery in delayed mode. The In Situ delayed mode product designed for reanalysis purposes integrates the best available version of in situ data for temperature and salinity measurements. These data are collected from main global networks (Argo, GOSUD, OceanSITES, World Ocean Database) completed by European data provided by EUROGOOS regional systems and national system by the regional INS TAC components. It is updated on a yearly basis. The time coverage has been extended in the past by integration of EN4 data for the period 1950-1990. Acces through CMEMS Catalogue after registration: http://marine.copernicus.eu/ '''Detailed description: ''' Ocean circulation models need information on the interior of the ocean to be able to generate accurate forecast. This information is only available from in-situ measurement. However this information is acquired all around the world and not easily available to the operational users. Therefore, INS TAC , by connecting to a lot of international networks, collects, controls and disseminates the relevant in-situ data to operational users . For reanalysis purposes, operational centres needs to access to the best available datasets with the best possible coverage and where additional quality control procedures have been performed. This dataset suits research community needs Each year, a new release of this product is issued containing all the observations gathered by the INS TAC global component operated by Coriolis. '''Processing information:''' From the near real time INS TAC product validated on a daily and weekly basis for forecasting purposes, a scientifically validated product is created . It s a ""reference product"" updated on a yearly basis. This product has been controlled using an objective analysis (statistical tests) method and a visual quality control (QC). This QC procedure has been developed with the main objective to improve the quality of the dataset to the level required by the climate application and the physical ocean re-analysis activities. It provides T and S weekly gridded fields and individual profiles both on their original level and interpolated level. The measured parameters, depending on the data source, are : temperature, salinity. The reference level of measurements is immersion (in meters) or pressure (in decibars). The EN4 data were converted to the CORA NetCDF format without any additional validation. '''Quality/accuracy/calibration information:''' The process is done in two steps using two different time windows, corresponding to two runs of objective analysis, with an additional visual QC inserted between. The first run was done on a window of three weeks, to capture the most doubtful profiles which were then checked visually by an operator to decide whether or not it was bad data or real oceanic phenomena. The second run was done on a weekly basis to fit the modelling needs. '''Suitability, Expected type of users / uses: ''' The product is designed for assimilation into operational models operated by ocean forecasting centres for reanalysis purposes or for research community. These users need data aggregated and quality controlled in a reliable and documented manner.

'''Short description:''' The C3S global Sea Surface and Sea Ice Temperature Reprocessed product provides gap-free maps of daily average SST at 20 cm depth and IST skin at 0.05deg. x 0.05deg. horizontal grid resolution, using satellite data from the ESA SST_cci v3.0 L3U data from (A)ATSRs, SLSTR and AVHRR, L2P data from the AMSRE and AMSR2 Passive Microwave Instruments (Embury et al., 2024) and L2P data from the AASTI and C3S IST CDR/ICDR v.1. The C3S level 4 SST/IST analyses were produced by running the DMI Optimal Interpolation (DMIOI) system (Høyer and She, 2007; Høyer et al., 2014; Nielsen-Englyst et al., 2023, Nielsen-Englyst et al., 2024) to provide a high resolution (1/20deg. - approx. 5km grid resolution) daily analysis of the daily average sea surface temperature (SST) at 20 cm depth and sea ice surface temperature (IST) at the surface skin to cover surface temperatures in the global ocean, the sea ice and the marginal ice zone. It uses a Multi-Source Composite Sea-Ice concentration dataset (from a combination of EUMETSAT OSI-SAF OSI-450a (Lavergne et al., 2019), OSI-458, ESA CCI Sea ice CDR, SICCI-HR-SIC, U.S. National Ice Centre’s (NIC) ice charts, Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute (SHMI) and Finnish Meteorological Institute’s (FMI) ice charts used for the Baltic region) developed at DMI for the purpose of the CARRA2 project (Pan-Arctic) and extended to the South Hemisphere. '''DOI (product) :''' https://doi.org/10.48670/moi-00169

'''This product has been archived''' For operationnal and online products, please visit https://marine.copernicus.eu '''Short description:''' For the Global Ocean- In-situ observation delivered in delayed mode. This In Situ delayed mode product integrates the best available version of in situ oxygen, chlorophyll / fluorescence and nutrients data '''DOI (product) :''' https://doi.org/10.17882/86207

'''DEFINITION''' The indicator of the Kuroshio extension phase variations is based on the standardized high frequency altimeter Eddy Kinetic Energy (EKE) averaged in the area 142-149°E and 32-37°N and computed from the DUACS (https://duacs.cls.fr) delayed-time (reprocessed version DT-2021, CMEMS SEALEVEL_GLO_PHY_L4_MY_008_047, including “my” (multi-year) & “myint” (multi-year interim) datasets) and near real-time (CMEMS SEALEVEL_GLO_PHY_L4_NRT _008_046) altimeter sea level gridded products. The change in the reprocessed version (previously DT-2018) and the extension of the mean value of the EKE (now 27 years, previously 20 years) induce some slight changes not impacting the general variability of the Kuroshio extension (correlation coefficient of 0.988 for the total period, 0.994 for the delayed time period only). ""CONTEXT"" The Kuroshio Extension is an eastward-flowing current in the subtropical western North Pacific after the Kuroshio separates from the coast of Japan at 35°N, 140°E. Being the extension of a wind-driven western boundary current, the Kuroshio Extension is characterized by a strong variability and is rich in large-amplitude meanders and energetic eddies (Niiler et al., 2003; Qiu, 2003, 2002). The Kuroshio Extension region has the largest sea surface height variability on sub-annual and decadal time scales in the extratropical North Pacific Ocean (Jayne et al., 2009; Qiu and Chen, 2010, 2005). Prediction and monitoring of the path of the Kuroshio are of huge importance for local economies as the position of the Kuroshio extension strongly determines the regions where phytoplankton and hence fish are located. Unstable (contracted) phase of the Kuroshio enhance the production of Chlorophyll (Lin et al., 2014). ""CMEMS KEY FINDINGS"" The different states of the Kuroshio extension phase have been presented and validated by (Bessières et al., 2013) and further reported by Drévillon et al. (2018) in the Copernicus Ocean State Report #2. Two rather different states of the Kuroshio extension are observed: an ‘elongated state’ (also called ‘strong state’) corresponding to a narrow strong steady jet, and a ‘contracted state’ (also called ‘weak state’) in which the jet is weaker and more unsteady, spreading on a wider latitudinal band. When the Kuroshio Extension jet is in a contracted (elongated) state, the upstream Kuroshio Extension path tends to become more (less) variable and regional eddy kinetic energy level tends to be higher (lower). In between these two opposite phases, the Kuroshio extension jet has many intermediate states of transition and presents either progressively weakening or strengthening trends. In 2018, the indicator reveals an elongated state followed by a weakening neutral phase since then. '''DOI (product):''' https://doi.org/10.48670/moi-00222