'''Short description:''' Le modèle biogéochimique ECO-MARS3D sur la façade Manche Atlantique (PREVIMER_B1-ECOMARS3D-MANGA4000) est un modèle 3D de résolution spatiale 4km qui fournit les concentrations de nutriments et de plancton toutes les heures sur 30 niveaux (fenêtre de prévision à 4 jours). '''Paramètres calculés :''' Les paramètres calculés sont les suivants : * SAL : sea_water_salinity * TEMP : sea_water_temperature * suspended_inorganic_particulate_matter : mass_concentration_of_suspended_matter_in_sea_water * nanopicoplankton_nitrogen : mole_concentration_of_nanoplankton_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_water * diatom_nitrogen : mole_concentration_of_diatoms_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_water * dinoflagellate_nitrogen : mole_concentration_of_dinoflagellates_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_water * microzooplankton_nitrogen : mole_concentration_of_microzooplankton_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_water * mesozooplankton_nitrogen : mole_concentration_of_mesozooplankton_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_water * colonial_phaeocystis_nitrogen : mole_concentration_of_colonial_phaeocystis_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_water * phaeocystis_mucus : concentration_of_phaeocystis_mucus_expressed_as_mass_in_sea_water * ammonium : mole_concentration_of_ammonium_in_sea_water * nitrate : mole_concentration_of_nitrate_in_sea_water * dissolved_silicate : mole_concentration_of_silicate_in_sea_water * dissolved_phosphate : mole_concentration_of_phosphate_in_sea_water * dissolved_oxygen : dissolved_oxygen_in_water_column * cumulative_nanoflagellate_carbon_production : cumulative_nanoflagellate_production_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water * cumulative_diatom_carbon_production : cumulative_diatom_production_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water * cumulative_dinoflagellate_carbon_production : cumulative_dinoflagellate_production_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water * cumulative_phaeocystis_carbon_production : cumulative_phaeocystis_production_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water * organic_nitrogen_benth : mole_concentration_of_organic_detritus_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_benthos Les paramètres diagnostiques calculés sont les suivants : * XE : sea_surface_height_above_geoid * maximum_de_diat : maximum_diatom_mass_concentration_in_sea_water * maximum_de_dino : maximum_dinoflagellate_mass_concentration_in_sea_water * maximum_de_nano : maximum_nanoflagellate_mass_concentration_in_sea_water * grad_vert_salinite : maximum_vertical_gradient_of_sea_water_salinity * grad_vert_temp : maximum_vertical_gradient_of_sea_water_temperature * extinction_lumineuse : light_extinction_in_sea_water * prod_diat : cumulated_production_of_diatoms_in_sea_water_column_expressed_in_carbon * prod_dino : cumulated_production_of_dinoflagellates_in_sea_water_column_expressed_in_carbon * prod_nano : cumulated_production_of_nanoflagellates_in_sea_water_column_expressed_in_carbon * chlorophylle_a : chlorophyll_mass_concentration_in_sea_water * prod_cumul_chloro : cumulated_total_production_in_sea_water_column_expressed_in_carbon * maximum_de_phaeocystis : maximum_phaeocystis_mass_concentration_in_sea_water * prod_phaeocystis : cumulated_production_of_phaeocystis_in_sea_water_column_expressed_in_carbon * oxygen_saturation : oxygen_saturation * ammoniumGIRON_tracer_sign: mole_concentration_of_ammonium_in_sea_waterGIRON_tracer_sign * ammoniumGIRON_tracer_age: mole_concentration_of_ammonium_in_sea_waterGIRON_tracer_age * nitrateGIRON_tracer_sign: mole_concentration_of_nitrate_in_sea_waterGIRON_tracer_sign * nitrateGIRON_tracer_age: mole_concentration_of_nitrate_in_sea_waterGIRON_tracer_age * nanopicoplankton_nitrogenGIRON_tracer_sign: mole_concentration_of_nanoplankton_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_waterGIRON_tracer_sign * nanopicoplankton_nitrogenGIRON_tracer_age: mole_concentration_of_nanoplankton_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_waterGIRON_tracer_age * diatom_nitrogenGIRON_tracer_sign: mole_concentration_of_diatoms_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_waterGIRON_tracer_sign * diatom_nitrogenGIRON_tracer_age: mole_concentration_of_diatoms_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_waterGIRON_tracer_age * dinoflagellate_nitrogenGIRON_tracer_sign: mole_concentration_of_dinoflagellates_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_waterGIRON_tracer_sign * dinoflagellate_nitrogenGIRON_tracer_age: mole_concentration_of_dinoflagellates_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_waterGIRON_tracer_age * microzooplankton_nitrogenGIRON_tracer_sign: mole_concentration_of_microzooplankton_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_waterGIRON_tracer_sign * microzooplankton_nitrogenGIRON_tracer_age: mole_concentration_of_microzooplankton_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_waterGIRON_tracer_age * mesozooplankton_nitrogenGIRON_tracer_sign: mole_concentration_of_mesozooplankton_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_waterGIRON_tracer_sign * mesozooplankton_nitrogenGIRON_tracer_age: mole_concentration_of_mesozooplankton_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_waterGIRON_tracer_age * detrital_nitrogenGIRON_tracer_sign: mole_concentration_of_organic_detritus_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_waterGIRON_tracer_sign * detrital_nitrogenGIRON_tracer_age: mole_concentration_of_organic_detritus_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_waterGIRON_tracer_age * colonial_phaeocystis_nitrogenGIRON_tracer_sign: mole_concentration_of_colonial_phaeocystis_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_waterGIRON_tracer_sign * colonial_phaeocystis_nitrogenGIRON_tracer_age: mole_concentration_of_colonial_phaeocystis_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_waterGIRON_tracer_age * phaeocystis_cells_nitrogenGIRON_tracer_sign: mole_concentration_of_phaeocystis_cells_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_waterGIRON_tracer_sign * phaeocystis_cells_nitrogenGIRON_tracer_age: mole_concentration_of_phaeocystis_cells_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_waterGIRON_tracer_age * organic_nitrogen_benthGIRON_tracer_sign: mole_concentration_of_organic_detritus_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_benthosGIRON_tracer_sign * organic_nitrogen_benthGIRON_tracer_age: mole_concentration_of_organic_detritus_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_benthosGIRON_tracer_age * phytoplankton_sign_N_GIRON: nitrogen_fraction_in_phytoplankton_from_source_GIRON * phytoplankton_age_N_GIRON: age_of_nitrogen_fraction_in_phytoplankton_from_source_GIRON * ammoniumLOIRE_tracer_sign: mole_concentration_of_ammonium_in_sea_waterLOIRE_tracer_sign * ammoniumLOIRE_tracer_age: mole_concentration_of_ammonium_in_sea_waterLOIRE_tracer_age * nitrateLOIRE_tracer_sign: mole_concentration_of_nitrate_in_sea_waterLOIRE_tracer_sign * nitrateLOIRE_tracer_age: mole_concentration_of_nitrate_in_sea_waterLOIRE_tracer_age * nanopicoplankton_nitrogenLOIRE_tracer_sign: mole_concentration_of_nanoplankton_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_waterLOIRE_tracer_sign * nanopicoplankton_nitrogenLOIRE_tracer_age: mole_concentration_of_nanoplankton_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_waterLOIRE_tracer_age * diatom_nitrogenLOIRE_tracer_sign: mole_concentration_of_diatoms_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_waterLOIRE_tracer_sign * diatom_nitrogenLOIRE_tracer_age: mole_concentration_of_diatoms_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_waterLOIRE_tracer_age * dinoflagellate_nitrogenLOIRE_tracer_sign: mole_concentration_of_dinoflagellates_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_waterLOIRE_tracer_sign * dinoflagellate_nitrogenLOIRE_tracer_age: mole_concentration_of_dinoflagellates_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_waterLOIRE_tracer_age * microzooplankton_nitrogenLOIRE_tracer_sign: mole_concentration_of_microzooplankton_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_waterLOIRE_tracer_sign * microzooplankton_nitrogenLOIRE_tracer_age: mole_concentration_of_microzooplankton_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_waterLOIRE_tracer_age * mesozooplankton_nitrogenLOIRE_tracer_sign: mole_concentration_of_mesozooplankton_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_waterLOIRE_tracer_sign * mesozooplankton_nitrogenLOIRE_tracer_age: mole_concentration_of_mesozooplankton_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_waterLOIRE_tracer_age * detrital_nitrogenLOIRE_tracer_sign: mole_concentration_of_organic_detritus_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_waterLOIRE_tracer_sign * detrital_nitrogenLOIRE_tracer_age: mole_concentration_of_organic_detritus_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_waterLOIRE_tracer_age * colonial_phaeocystis_nitrogenLOIRE_tracer_sign: mole_concentration_of_colonial_phaeocystis_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_waterLOIRE_tracer_sign * colonial_phaeocystis_nitrogenLOIRE_tracer_age: mole_concentration_of_colonial_phaeocystis_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_waterLOIRE_tracer_age * phaeocystis_cells_nitrogenLOIRE_tracer_sign: mole_concentration_of_phaeocystis_cells_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_waterLOIRE_tracer_sign * phaeocystis_cells_nitrogenLOIRE_tracer_age: mole_concentration_of_phaeocystis_cells_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_waterLOIRE_tracer_age * organic_nitrogen_benthLOIRE_tracer_sign: mole_concentration_of_organic_detritus_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_benthosLOIRE_tracer_sign * organic_nitrogen_benthLOIRE_tracer_age: mole_concentration_of_organic_detritus_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_benthosLOIRE_tracer_age * phytoplankton_sign_N_LOIRE: nitrogen_fraction_in_phytoplankton_from_source_LOIRE * phytoplankton_age_N_LOIRE: age_of_nitrogen_fraction_in_phytoplankton_from_source_LOIRE * ammoniumSEINE_tracer_sign: mole_concentration_of_ammonium_in_sea_waterSEINE_tracer_sign * ammoniumSEINE_tracer_age: mole_concentration_of_ammonium_in_sea_waterSEINE_tracer_age * nitrateSEINE_tracer_sign: mole_concentration_of_nitrate_in_sea_waterSEINE_tracer_sign * nitrateSEINE_tracer_age: mole_concentration_of_nitrate_in_sea_waterSEINE_tracer_age * nanopicoplankton_nitrogenSEINE_tracer_sign: mole_concentration_of_nanoplankton_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_waterSEINE_tracer_sign * nanopicoplankton_nitrogenSEINE_tracer_age: mole_concentration_of_nanoplankton_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_waterSEINE_tracer_age * diatom_nitrogenSEINE_tracer_sign: mole_concentration_of_diatoms_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_waterSEINE_tracer_sign * diatom_nitrogenSEINE_tracer_age: mole_concentration_of_diatoms_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_waterSEINE_tracer_age * dinoflagellate_nitrogenSEINE_tracer_sign: mole_concentration_of_dinoflagellates_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_waterSEINE_tracer_sign * dinoflagellate_nitrogenSEINE_tracer_age: mole_concentration_of_dinoflagellates_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_waterSEINE_tracer_age * microzooplankton_nitrogenSEINE_tracer_sign: mole_concentration_of_microzooplankton_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_waterSEINE_tracer_sign * microzooplankton_nitrogenSEINE_tracer_age: mole_concentration_of_microzooplankton_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_waterSEINE_tracer_age * mesozooplankton_nitrogenSEINE_tracer_sign: mole_concentration_of_mesozooplankton_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_waterSEINE_tracer_sign * mesozooplankton_nitrogenSEINE_tracer_age: mole_concentration_of_mesozooplankton_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_waterSEINE_tracer_age * detrital_nitrogenSEINE_tracer_sign: mole_concentration_of_organic_detritus_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_waterSEINE_tracer_sign * detrital_nitrogenSEINE_tracer_age: mole_concentration_of_organic_detritus_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_waterSEINE_tracer_age * colonial_phaeocystis_nitrogenSEINE_tracer_sign: mole_concentration_of_colonial_phaeocystis_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_waterSEINE_tracer_sign * colonial_phaeocystis_nitrogenSEINE_tracer_age: mole_concentration_of_colonial_phaeocystis_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_waterSEINE_tracer_age * phaeocystis_cells_nitrogenSEINE_tracer_sign: mole_concentration_of_phaeocystis_cells_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_waterSEINE_tracer_sign * phaeocystis_cells_nitrogenSEINE_tracer_age: mole_concentration_of_phaeocystis_cells_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_waterSEINE_tracer_age * organic_nitrogen_benthSEINE_tracer_sign: mole_concentration_of_organic_detritus_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_benthosSEINE_tracer_sign * organic_nitrogen_benthSEINE_tracer_age: mole_concentration_of_organic_detritus_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_benthosSEINE_tracer_age * phytoplankton_sign_N_SEINE: nitrogen_fraction_in_phytoplankton_from_source_SEINE * phytoplankton_age_N_SEINE: age_of_nitrogen_fraction_in_phytoplankton_from_source_SEINE

This gridded product visualizes 1960 - 2014 water body nitrate concentration (umol/l) in the North Sea domain, for each season (winter: December – February; spring: March – May; summer: June – August; autumn: September – November). It is produced as a Diva 4D analysis, version 4.6.9: a reference field of all seasonal data between 1960-2014 was used; results were logit transformed to avoid negative/underestimated values in the interpolated results; error threshold masks L1 (0.3) and L2 (0.5) are included as well as the unmasked field. Every step of the time dimension corresponds to a 10-year moving average for each season. The depth dimension allows visualizing the gridded field at various depths.

This data product selects sample areas of digital bathymetry, chosen for their relevance to marine activities and data sources alternative to GEBCO. The approach for building the digital map of water depth is to use GEBCO as a baseline and look at a set of sample areas where GEBCO could be improved upon. Sample areas have also been selected to be representative of each continent bordering the Atlantic and expected future requirements. Data sources include GEBCO, EMODNET, USGS and CHS.

This visualization product displays the spatial distribution of seafloor litter density per trawl. EMODnet Chemistry included the collection of marine litter in its 3rd phase. Since the beginning of 2018, data of seafloor litter collected by international fish-trawl surveys have been gathered and processed in the EMODnet Chemistry Marine Litter Database (MLDB). The harmonization of all the data has been the most challenging task considering the heterogeneity of the data sources, sampling protocols (OSPAR and MEDITS protocols) and reference lists used on a European scale. Moreover, within the same protocol, different gear types are deployed during fishing bottom trawl surveys. In cases where the wingspread and/or number of items were unknown, data could not be used because these fields are needed to calculate the density. Data collected before 2011 are affected by this filter. When the distance reported in the data was null, it was calculated from: - the ground speed and the haul duration using this formula: Distance (km) = Haul duration (h) * Ground speed (km/h); - the trawl coordinates if the ground speed and the haul duration were not filled in. The swept area is calculated from the wingspread (which depends on the fishing gear type) and the distance trawled: Swept area (km²) = Distance (km) * Wingspread (km) Densities have been calculated on each trawl and year using the following computation: Density (number of items per km²) = ∑Number of items / Swept area (km²) Then a grid with 30km x 30km cells is used to calculate the weighted mean of densities in each cell from the formula : Weighted mean (number of items per km²) = ∑ (Distance (km) * Density (number of items per km²)) / ∑ Distance (km) Percentiles 50, 75, 95 & 99 have been calculated taking into account data for all years. More information on data processing and calculation are detailed in the document attached. Warning: the absence of data on the map doesn't necessarily mean that they don't exist, but that no information has been entered in the Marine Litter Database for this area. This work is based on the work presented in the following scientific article: O. Gerigny, M. Brun, M.C. Fabri, C. Tomasino, M. Le Moigne, A. Jadaud, F. Galgani, Seafloor litter from the continental shelf and canyons in French Mediterranean Water: Distribution, typologies and trends, Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 146, 2019, Pages 653-666, ISSN 0025-326X, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.07.030.

This gridded product visualizes 1960 - 2014 water body ammonium concentration (umol/l) in the North Sea domain, for each season (winter: December – February; spring: March – May; summer: June – August; autumn: September – November). It is produced as a Diva 4D analysis, version 4.6.9: a reference field of all seasonal data between 1960-2014 was used; results were logit transformed to avoid negative/underestimated values in the interpolated results; error threshold masks L1 (0.3) and L2 (0.5) are included as well as the unmasked field. Every step of the time dimension corresponds to a 10-year moving average for each season. The depth dimension allows visualizing the gridded field at various depths.

'''This product has been archived''' For operational and online products, please visit https://marine.copernicus.eu '''Short description:''' This product consists of vertical profiles of the concentration of nitrates, phosphates and silicates, computed for each Argo float equipped with an oxygen sensor. The method called CANYON (Carbonate system and Nutrients concentration from hYdrological properties and Oxygen using a Neural-network) is based on a neural-network trained using high quality nutrient data collected over the last 30 years (GLODAPv2 data base, https://www.glodap.info/). The method is applied to each Argo float equipped with an oxygen sensor using as input the properties measured by the float (pressure, temperature, salinity, oxygen), and its date and position. '''DOI (product) :''' https://doi.org/10.48670/moi-00048 '''Product Citation:''' Please refer to our Technical FAQ for citing products: http://marine.copernicus.eu/faq/cite-cmems-products-cmems-credit/?idpage=169.

Numerous reef-forming species have declined dramatically over the last century. Many of these declines have been insufficiently documented due to anecdotal or hard-to-access information. The Ross worm Sabellaria spinulosa (L.) is a tube-building polychaete that can form large mostly subtidal reefs, providing important ecosystem services such as coastal protection and habitat provision. It ranges from Scotland to Morocco and into the Mediterranean as far as the Adriatic, yet little is known about its distribution outside of the North & Wadden Seas, where it is protected under the OSPAR & HELCOM regional sea conventions respectively. As a result, online marine biodiversity information systems currently contain haphazardly distributed records of S. spinulosa. One of the objectives of the REEHAB project (http://www.honeycombworms.org) was to combine historical records with contemporary data to document changes in the distribution and abundance of the two Sabellaria species found in Europe, S. alveolata and S. spinulosa. Here we publish the result of the curation of 555 S. spinulosa sources, gathered from literature, targeted surveys, local conservation reports, museum specimens, personal communications by authors  their research teams, national biodiversity information systems (i.e. the UK National Biodiversity Network (NBN), www.nbn.org.uk) and validated citizen science observations (i.e. https://www.inaturalist.org). 56% of these records were not previously referenced in any online information system. Additionally, historic samples from Gustave Gilson were scanned for S. spinulosa information and manually entered.   The original taxonomic identification of the 40,261 S. spinulosa records has been kept. Some identification errors may however be present, particularly in the English Channel and Mediterranean where intertidal and shallow subtidal records can be mistaken for Sabellaria alveolata. A further 229 observations (16 sources) are recorded as ‘Sabellaria spp.’ as the available information did not provide an identification down to species level. Many sources reported abundances based on the semi-quantitative SACFOR scale whilst others simply noted its presence, and others still verified both its absence and presence. The result is a curated and comprehensive dataset spanning over two centuries on the past and present global distribution and abundance of S. spinulosa. Sabellaria spinulosa records projected onto a 50km grid. When SACFOR scale abundance scores were given to occurrence records, the highest abundance value per grid cell was retained.