Rapport final ONF

Les ministères chargés de l'écologie (Meeddm) et de l'agriculture (Maap) ont confié au Gip Ecofor une mission d'expertise collective scientifique et technique à visée prospective sur « l'avenir du massif forestier des Landes de Gascogne ». Son objectif est de mobiliser la connaissance autour d'options envisageables pour assurer l'avenir du massif forestier landais et de la partager avec l'ensemble des parties intéressées. Les document disponibles sont les rapports finaux des groupes de travail et d'experts.

scRNA-seq reads from a Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) hemocyte preparation. Hemocytes were isolated from a unique immunologically naive animal (Ifremer Standardized Animal, 18 months) and single-cell drop-seq technology was applied to 3,000 individual hemocytes.

Ces travaux ont été réalisés dans le cadre de la Directive Territoriale d'Aménagement et de Développement Durable (DTADD) portée par la Préfecture de la région ex-Aquitaine. La partie I de ces travaux porte sur les valeurs du massif forestier des Landes de Gascogne. Le massif est dépositaire d’importantes valeurs et fonctions non marchandes d’intérêt général notamment : paysagères, naturalistes, hydrologiques et climatiques. Ce rapport explique également que les modes de valorisation du territoire, autres que ceux liés à la production de bois d’œuvre et d’industrie, interfèrent étroitement avec la présence même de la forêt de production : l'activité touristique, l'arrivée de nouveaux habitants et l'économie induite, ainsi que le foncier forestier.

Première utilisation du sol, devant l'agriculture et loin devant l'urbanisme, la forêt couvre 45 % du territoire aquitain. La région se caractérise par la domination d'une essence, le pin maritime. Celui-ci couvre plus de la moitié de la surface forestière régionale. Outre sa valeur patrimoniale, cette forêt génère une activité économique qui représente environ 3 milliards d'euros. Ce secteur forêt-bois est donc un formidable gisement d'emplois, principalement en milieu rural. Cet espace occupé par la forêt attise néanmoins des convoitises pour différents types d'usage: l'urbanisation, les installations photovoltaïques ou encore l'agriculture.

Process-driven seafloor habitat sensitivity (PDS) has been defined from the method developed by Kostylev and Hannah (2007), which takes into account physical disturbances and food availability as structuring factors for benthic communities. It is a conceptual model, relating species’ life history traits to environmental properties. Physical environment maps have been converted into a map of benthic habitat types, each supporting species communities with specific sensitivity to human pressures. It is based on two axes of selected environmental forces. The "Disturbance" (Dist) axis reflects the magnitude of change (destruction) of habitats (i.e. the stability through time of habitats), only due to natural processes influencing the seabed and which are responsible for the selection of life history traits. The "Scope for Growth" (SfG) axis takes into account environmental stresses inducing a physiological cost to organisms and limiting their growth and reproduction potential. This axis estimates the remaining energy available for growth and reproduction of a species (the energy spent on adapting itself to the environment being already taken into account). It can be related to the metabolic theory of the ecology. The process-driven sensitivity (PDS) can be seen as a risk map that combines the two previous axes and reflects the main ecological characteristics of the benthic habitats regarding natural processes. Areas with low disturbance are areas with a naturally low reworking of the sediment, allowing the establishment of a rich sessile epifauna community, with K-strategy species. Areas with low SfG means that the environmental factors, even though there are not limiting, are in lower values, i.e. that it imposes a cost for species to live. In areas combining low disturbance and low SfG, big suspension-feeder species with long life and slow growth can often be found: these species are more vulnerable in case of added disturbance.

The dataset presents the results of classification of eutrophication status of the European seas using the HEAT+ tool. Eutrophication status is evaluated in five classes, where NPAhigh and NPAgood are recognised as ‘non-problem areas’ and PAmoderate, PApoor and PAbad are recognised as ‘problem areas’. Besides the overall Eutrophication status (HEAT+) are the results shown for three aspects of eutrophication: C1) Nutrient Concentrations C2) Direct Effects C3) Indirect Effects This dataset underpins the findings and cartographic representations published in the report "Nutrient enrichment and eutrophication in Europe's seas" (EEA, 2019): https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/nutrient-enrichment-and-eutrophication-in.

This dataset presents the resulting assessment grid (based on the EEA reference grid) with the classification of chemical status of the transitional, coastal and marine waters in the context of the Water Framework Directive (WFD) and the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD). This classification has been performed using the CHASE+ tool, with classifications of the matrices ‘water’, ‘sediment’ and ‘biota’ and indicators of ‘biological effects’, as well as an integrated classification of chemical status, combining results of all matrices. The chemical status is evaluated in five classes, where NPAhigh and NPAgood are recognised as ‘non-problem areas’ and PAmoderate, PApoor and PAbad are recognised as ‘problem areas’. This is the assessment made excluding concentrations of mercury (Hg). The overall area of interest used is based on the marine regions and subregions under the Marine Strategy Framework Directive. Additionally, Norwegian (Barent Sea and Norwegian Sea) and Icelandic waters (’Iceland Sea’) have been added (see Surrounding seas of Europe). Note that within the North East Atlantic region only the subregions within EEZ boundaries (~200 nm) have been included. This dataset underpins the findings and cartographic representations published in the report "Contaminants in Europe's Seas" (EEA, 2019).

Extrait de l'Atlas Aquitaine, Limousin et Poitou-Charentes sur la filière forêt-bois

Cette étude vise à établie un état des lieux de la filière bois-forêt girondine afin d'adapter les actions du Département et sa stratégie de soutien à la filière.